pregnancy after uterine artery embolization for avm cordarone
1982;61:85-87.8. Kim SM, Park EK, Jeung IC, et al. The success rate of the UAE procedure was 87.5% (14/16). Postembolization pelvic arteriogram demonstrates no residual arteriovenous shunting or right uterine hypervascularity with n-butyl-cyanoacrylate glue casting right uterine artery branches and persistent flow to the uterus via other right uterine artery branches and the left uterine artery.Given these high clinical success rates, endovascular therapy is often the recommended initial therapy for uterine and pelvic AVMs requiring treatment. Uterine AVMs are more typically acquired, whereas pelvic AVMs are classically congenital, with posttraumatic pelvic arteriovenous communications more commonly termed fistulas. These acquired uterine AVMs often demonstrate more complex and numerous arteriovenous communications than typical arteriovenous fistulas and are more analogous to congenital AVMs, which may be due to the rich vascularity and dense network of anastomoses within the uterus.Risk factors for acquired uterine AVMs are myriad, encompassing nearly the entirety of uterine pathophysiology as well as the normal physiologic changes of pregnancy. Slightly delayed image from same pelvic arteriogram confirming early venous drainage from the right aspect of the uterus via right internal iliac and right ovarian veins (B).Figure 4. 2006;108:751-753.15. Thus, this approach requires cautious incremental treatment, particularly during sclerotherapy, to avert tissue damage due to reflux into the capillary bed. Int J Obstet Gynecol. Uterine arteriovenous malformations: gray-scale and Doppler US features with MR imaging correlation. Radiology. The live birth rate was 36.4% (8/22) for the whole population. Huang W, Muradali D, Thurston WA, et al. Obstet Gynecol. Two cases of congenital pelvic arteriovenous malformation in male [in Japanese]. Yazawa H, Soeda S, Hiraiwa T, et al. Obstet Gynecol. In two small series of seven and 12 patients with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic uterine AVMs, the vascular abnormality completely resolved in all patients without intervention.A recent prospective study of 75 patients sought to identify factors predictive of pregnancy-related uterine AVMs that could be safely managed conservatively. Clin Radiol. 1 and has since become established as a valid nonsurgical management option for a woman wishing to conserve her uterus. 2011;57:25-28.5. strated a large uterine AVM. Int J Obstet Gynecol. Prospective evaluation of the incidence of uterine vascular malformations developing after abortion or delivery. Yoon DJ, Jones M, Al Taani J, et al.
Endovascular management with transcatheter embolization is the mainstay of therapy for both uterine and pelvic AVMs. Maternal diethylstilbestrol exposure has been associated with development of cervical AVMs in exposed progeny.Most symptomatic pelvic and uterine AVMs present with abnormal vaginal bleeding ranging from frequent spotting to catastrophic hemorrhage; menorrhagia, metrorrhagia, menometrorrhagia, and postcoital bleeding have all been described as presenting symptoms. Mahmoud M, Allinson KR, Zhai Z, et al. Obstet Gynecol, 100 (2002), pp. Pelvic pain or pressure, including neuropathic pain such as sciatica, can also be a presenting symptom. 2017;124(suppl 3):93-96.16. 2009;106:46-49.18. AJP Rep. 2016;6:e6-e14.11. AVMs with PSV between 40 and 60 cm/s may be managed with close interval sonographic follow-up in patients without excessive bleeding, as they may regress or persist.Figure 2. The defining feature of AVMs on DSA is brisk early filling of numerous enlarged veins emerging from a nidus, or nest, of abnormal vessels after arterial contrast injection (Figure 3. 120-127.
J Minim Invasive Gynecol. Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is defined as abnormal and nonfunctional connections between the uterine arteries and veins. Follen MM, Fox HE, Levine RU. Risks include nontarget delivery of embolic material to the pulmonary arteries and embedding the delivery catheter in liquid embolic agents. J Vasc Interv Radiol. Hematuria, urinary difficulties, and hemospermia have been reported as presenting symptoms in male patients with pelvic AVMs.An increasing number of asymptomatic uterine and pelvic AVMs are diagnosed incidentally as the use of imaging grows.Figure 1. Color Doppler evaluation should be used to document the presence of multiple enlarged uterine and/or pelvic vessels with intense signal, aliasing, and apparent flow reversal indicative of turbulent high-velocity flow (Peak systolic velocity (PSV) within the AVM can help predict its natural history and thus guide management. Median duration of pregnancy was 39 weeks and 5 days. 2016;214:731.e1-731.e10.7.
Acta Radiol. 2015;291:1313-1319.12. In one large series, mean hospital stay after hysterectomy ranged from 5.5 to 7 days for laparoscopic and open abdominal hysterectomy, respectively.Surgical therapy for congenital pelvic AVMs is often more complicated due to the typically complex network of arteriovenous communications and intimate association of the abnormal vessels to critical structures within the pelvis.
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